whereis命令:locate the binary, source, and manual page files for a command
【功能】查找文件、手册页、命令等的相关位置,
【语法】
whereis options argument
【常用选项】
-b:只查找二进制文件位置-m:只查找手册页部分
【实例1】查找二进制文件所在位置
[root@perthon50 tmp]# whereis -b passwdpasswd: /usr/bin/passwd /etc/passwd[root@perthon50 tmp]# whereis -b shadowshadow: /etc/shadow /usr/include/shadow.h
【实例2】查找manual手册页
[root@perthon50 tmp]# whereis -m passwdpasswd: /usr/share/man/man1/passwd.1.gz /usr/share/man/man5/passwd.5.gz[root@perthon50 tmp]# whereis -m cdcd: /usr/share/man/man1/cd.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1p/cd.1p.gz[root@perthon50 tmp]# whereis -m sortsort: /usr/share/man/man1/sort.1.gz /usr/share/man/man3/sort.3pm.gz /usr/share/man/man1p/sort.1p.gz
whatis命令:search the whatis database for complete words
【功能】在whatis库中搜寻特定的命令
【语法】
whatis COMMAND
【实例】
[root@perthon50 tmp]# whatis passwdpasswd (1) - update user's authentication tokenspasswd (5) - password filepasswd [sslpasswd] (1ssl) - compute password hashes[root@perthon50 tmp]# whatis sortsort (1p) - sort, merge, or sequence check text filessort (1) - sort lines of text filessort (3pm) - perl pragma to control sort() behaviour
which命令:shows the full path of (shell) commands
【功能】查看可执行命令的路径
【语法】
which COMMAND
【实例】
[root@perthon50 tmp]# which lsalias ls='ls --color=auto' /bin/ls[root@perthon50 tmp]# which passwd/usr/bin/passwd[root@perthon50 tmp]# which cd/usr/bin/which: no cd in (/usr/lib64/qt-3.3/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin)[root@perthon50 tmp]# which sort/bin/sort[root@perthon50 tmp]# which shutdown/sbin/shutdown